Medetomidine. What is it?
It’s another threat we need to be aware of.
Medetomidine vs. xylazine:
Medetomidine and xylazine are quite similar but have some differences. Both drugs are alpha-2 adrenergic agonists, (2) which are used for sedation, analgesia, and muscle relaxation, primarily in veterinary medicine (3). Here are some differences:
• Medetomidine is a stronger and longer-lasting sedative and pain reliever compared to xylazine.
• Xylazine is less effective and less potent than medetomidine.
• Medetomidine causes more cardiovascular depression than xylazine.
• Xylazine also causes cardiovascular depression, but to a lesser extent than medetomidine.
• Medetomidine is often mixed with fentanyl by chemists working for cartels to enhance its properties.
(Source: American Council on Science & Health)
The map from the CDC shows the provisional data for drug samples that tested positive for opioids and medetomidine in 2025.